The basic shape of the solar heat pump is broadly divided into the heat pump power (W) the use of solar energy of sun-driven and low-temperature Ministry of heat source heat (QL) and the use of solar heat solar heat source 2.
Solar-driven heat pump with a solar collector with high temperature heating (100 ° C or so), and absorption chillers regenerative Rankine cycle machine boiler heating, or renewable technology absorbent material. On the thermodynamics, solar energy conversion for power, and drive (W) freezers are equivalent, known as solar thermal cooling. Since all the heat (QH) release from the high temperature heat source to give up the cooling tower can be said that the dark protagonist, the direct use of solar heat in the heating hot water, fossil fuel boilers as auxiliary heat source, which is common. The solar-driven heat pump is effective use of solar high-temperature, system complexity and high cost, auxiliary power, there are many problems, the expected solar-driven heat pump technology.
The solar source heat pump solar heat as a heat source heat pump, must be an external electric drive, the collector side, due to heating, low temperature and high collection efficiency in the heat pump side, due to the refrigerant evaporating temperature becomes higher, can improve the score coefficient ( heating COP = QH / W). But the drawback is not the direct use of solar energy.
"Solar heat source pump" synonymous with solar heat using heat pumps. The latter as the majority of solar heat utilization and heat pump combination system. Can be divided into the following three types.
(A) series type, through the series of solar thermal heat pumps for use of devices, and solar heat source heat pumps equal. As a result of the low-temperature collectors, eliminating the need for the collector of transparent glass or adiabatic, and reduce costs. Series of solar thermal heat pump in the the Yanagimachi Di initial solar house in the implementation of the device during the heating, antifreeze heat storage tank from the collector to the low temperature side circulation, a heat pump (refrigerant) evaporator coil endothermic (refrigerant) condensing coil tube heated high-temperature side of the heat storage tank in the cooling run time, the use of the collector at night heat, cooling the high temperature side of the heat storage tank, the low-temperature side of the heat storage tank into a cooling . Radiation cooling and heating console, using the waste heat recovery heat pump hot water bath heating, there are standardized technical content.
Direct evaporation of the collector allows the heat pump refrigerant collector, may constitute a less simple structure of heat exchange. This refrigerant collector type is called Direct Expansion, its advantage is to not produce a water collector freeze or metal corrosion. However, chlorine atom, such as CFC or HCFC refrigerants damage the ozone layer, even if the refrigerant substitutes HFC is also the problem of high global warming coefficient, the collector temperature falls to the outside air temperature, air heat capacity is also held in the collector can.
(2) shunt. As solar thermal utilization of the auxiliary heat source, the use of air source heat pump, than fossil fuel boilers a high energy efficiency, suitable for energy saving. It called the parallel-type solar heat using heat pumps. However, weather conditions can not get heated by the sun, usually due to outside air ambient temperature is low, the thermal output of the air source heat pump to reduce machine frosting in the house, the efficiency will be lower, the defrost operation become necessary. Without auxiliary heat sources occasions some cooling when the air heat source heat pumps for air conditioners running.
Cases of parallel applications, there will be solar hot air collector for heating and hot water preheat, gravel heat storage, which is the air source heat pump and electric water heater combination of devices.
(3) dual-energy type. This is the series and shunt type and type, that is the collector of the collector temperature is high, this heat for direct use it as a heat source heat pump when the collector temperature is low, the series run, collector collector, air source heat pump system to run. Two kinds of solar heat and air heat heat source for heat pump heat source, so called dual-energy type. Dual-energy-efficient use of energy, but the complexity of the system, run control difficulties. Like the series type can not be the collector briefly also a disadvantage. Also, as the most suitable as an auxiliary heat source, air source heat pump, but there are also a problem. Present an application example is the water heater heat pump outdoor unit's internal heat source into the water and air heat two kinds of heat exchangers and hot water supply auxiliary heat source.